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Authentication and authorization are two essential concepts in web security.
Authentication is the process of verifying the identity of a user. It ensures that the person or entity accessing the system is who they claim to be.
Authorization, on the other hand, determines what actions a user is allowed to perform within the system after they've been authenticated. It defines the permissions and access levels granted to users based on their identity and role.
It is crucial for protecting sensitive information and ensuring that only authorized users can access it. It's the first line of defense against unauthorized access and data breaches.
Without proper authentication, anyone could access your system and potentially steal or manipulate your data. This could lead to financial loss, reputational damage, and legal consequences.
There are various ways to implement authentication and authorization on the web:
With session-based authentication, a session is created on the server for each user after they log in. The server then sends a unique session identifier (usually stored as a cookie) to the client, which is used for subsequent requests to authenticate the user
A cookie is a small piece of data that a web server sends to a user's web browser. The browser then stores this data and sends it back with every subsequent request to the same server. Cookies are commonly used for various purposes, including session management, tracking user preferences, and personalizing user experiences.
You can think of cookies as a way for websites to remember users and their preferences across different sessions.
With token-based authentication, a token containing user information is generated upon successful login and sent to the client. This token is then included in subsequent requests to authenticate the user.
OAuth is a protocol for delegated authorization, allowing third-party services to access a user's resources without exposing their credentials. Users can grant limited access to their data to external applications.
Basic authentication involves users providing their credentials (username and password) with each request, encoded and sent to the server. It's simple but less secure compared to other methods.
Avoid using basic authentication for sensitive applications as credentials are sent with every request, making them susceptible to interception.
These authentication methods serve different purposes and have varying levels of security and complexity. Choosing the right one depends on factors such as the application's requirements, security considerations, and user experience.
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00:00:02 Let's talk a bit about authentication and authorization.
00:00:05 Those are two different but essential concepts in web security.
00:00:10 Authentication is the process of verifying the user identity, ensuring that the person accessing the website is who they claim to be.
00:00:18 And authorization, on the other hand, determines what actions a user is allowed to perform within the system after they've been authenticated.
00:00:27 So why do we need authentication in the first place?
00:00:29 Well, to protect some sensitive information, or to allow some users to perform different actions than other types of users.
00:00:36 For example, when they're logged in, we have the info about the user that can create posts, delete their posts, and so on.
00:00:42 There are different types of auth, such as session-based, usually stored in a cookie, and here's a workflow of how you can implement it alongside the pros
00:00:50 and cons.
00:00:51 There's also the token-based or JWT authentication, which also has its own pros and cons.
00:00:57 There's OAuth, allowing you to delegate authorization to third-party services, such as Google, GitHub, and so on.
00:01:04 And there's a basic auth with username and password.
00:01:07 I've also decided to include many resources on authentication and authorization so you can learn a bit more about it.
00:01:13 This was just a quick introduction telling you a bit more about what Auth is before we go ahead and implement it.
00:01:18 So go ahead and read it on your own before you proceed to the next lesson.